開(kai)孔(kong)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)確(que)實(shi)對(dui)鑽(zuan)進(jin)偏(pian)斜(xie)率(lv)有(you)直(zhi)接(jie)影(ying)響(xiang),同(tong)時(shi)也(ye)會(hui)影(ying)響(xiang)孔(kong)口(kou)的(de)完(wan)整(zheng)性(xing),進(jin)而(er)影(ying)響(xiang)排(pai)渣(zha)的(de)順(shun)暢(chang)性(xing),這(zhe)直(zhi)接(jie)關(guan)係(xi)到(dao)鑽(zuan)進(jin)效(xiao)率(lv)和(he)鑽(zuan)具(ju)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)。使(shi)用(yong)短(duan)鑽(zuan)杆(gan)進(jin)行(xing)開(kai)孔(kong)時(shi),需(xu)要(yao)將(jiang)牙(ya)輪(lun)鑽(zuan)頭(tou)安(an)裝(zhuang)到(dao)短(duan)鑽(zuan)杆(gan)上(shang),然(ran)後(hou)由(you)機(ji)械(xie)手(shou)將(jiang)短(duan)鑽(zuan)杆(gan)送(song)入(ru)機(ji)架(jia)內(nei),與(yu)機(ji)頭(tou)連(lian)接(jie)牢(lao)固(gu)後(hou),機(ji)械(xie)手(shou)收(shou)回(hui)。隨(sui)後(hou),機(ji)頭(tou)下(xia)降(jiang)至(zhi)牙(ya)輪(lun)鑽(zuan)頭(tou)接(jie)觸(chu)到(dao)岩(yan)石(shi)表(biao)麵(mian)。在(zai)機(ji)架(jia)底(di)座(zuo)的(de)孔(kong)內(nei)安(an)裝(zhuang)好(hao)
kaikongdezhiliangqueshiduizuanjinpianxielvyouzhijieyingxiang,tongshiyehuiyingxiangkongkoudewanzhengxing,jineryingxiangpaizhadeshunchangxing,zhezhijieguanxidaozuanjinxiaolvhezuanjudeshiyongshouming。
使(shi)用(yong)短(duan)鑽(zuan)杆(gan)進(jin)行(xing)開(kai)孔(kong)時(shi),需(xu)要(yao)將(jiang)牙(ya)輪(lun)鑽(zuan)頭(tou)安(an)裝(zhuang)到(dao)短(duan)鑽(zuan)杆(gan)上(shang),然(ran)後(hou)由(you)機(ji)械(xie)手(shou)將(jiang)短(duan)鑽(zuan)杆(gan)送(song)入(ru)機(ji)架(jia)內(nei),與(yu)機(ji)頭(tou)連(lian)接(jie)牢(lao)固(gu)後(hou),機(ji)械(xie)手(shou)收(shou)回(hui)。隨(sui)後(hou),機(ji)頭(tou)下(xia)降(jiang)至(zhi)牙(ya)輪(lun)鑽(zuan)頭(tou)接(jie)觸(chu)到(dao)岩(yan)石(shi)表(biao)麵(mian)。在(zai)機(ji)架(jia)底(di)座(zuo)的(de)孔(kong)內(nei)安(an)裝(zhuang)好(hao)扶(fu)釺(qian)半(ban)卡(ka)環(huan),以(yi)穩(wen)定(ding)鑽(zuan)杆(gan)。
在開始鑽進前,首先要注水,並采用小鑽壓(大約2-4MPa)和he低di轉zhuan速su進jin行xing鑽zuan進jin,並bing間jian歇xie性xing地di推tui進jin鑽zuan頭tou,上shang下xia移yi動dong以yi掃sao清qing孔kong內nei的de岩yan渣zha。同tong時shi,需xu要yao不bu斷duan監jian測ce孔kong的de位wei置zhi,一yi旦dan發fa現xian偏pian斜xie立li即ji進jin行xing調tiao整zheng。如ru果guo偏pian斜xie過guo大da,必bi須xu停ting止zhi鑽zuan進jin並bing重zhong新xin開kai孔kong。
完wan成cheng短duan鑽zuan杆gan的de鑽zuan進jin後hou,先xian停ting止zhi鑽zuan進jin,然ran後hou是shi水shui泵beng,按an照zhao既ji定ding程cheng序xu裝zhuang上shang新xin的de鑽zuan杆gan,並bing用yong扶fu釺qian半ban卡ka環huan固gu定ding,繼ji續xu采cai用yong小xiao鑽zuan壓ya和he低di轉zhuan速su鑽zuan進jin,直zhi至zhi新xin的de鑽zuan杆gan完wan全quan進jin入ru導dao孔kong。然ran後hou停ting止zhi注zhu水shui,將jiang這zhe根gen新xin鑽zuan杆gan卸xie下xia,換huan上shang穩wen定ding器qi,並bing將jiang其qi推tui進jin至zhi導dao孔kong內nei。接jie著zhe再zai次ci裝zhuang上shang新xin的de鑽zuan杆gan,重zhong複fu上shang述shu步bu驟zhou。當dang鑽zuan孔kong深shen度du超chao過guo3米後,可以根據實際情況調整參數,逐漸增加軸壓,並提高轉速以加快鑽進速度。
在zai打da導dao孔kong的de過guo程cheng中zhong,隨sui著zhe孔kong深shen的de增zeng加jia和he鑽zuan杆gan數shu量liang的de增zeng多duo,作zuo用yong在zai鑽zuan頭tou上shang的de推tui進jin力li也ye會hui增zeng大da。為wei了le避bi免mian因yin為wei鑽zuan杆gan數shu量liang增zeng多duo導dao致zhi推tui進jin力li過guo大da,應ying適shi當dang減jian小xiao推tui進jin壓ya力li,理li論lun上shang每mei增zeng加jia9根鑽杆,推進壓力應減少約0.5MPa。這樣做可以有效控製鑽進過程,確保鑽孔的質量和安全。